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Is Tea Beneficial
Tea had a reputation for being both safe and almost always beneficial. However, scientists are now suggesting that tea may not be as safe as we had previously believed. Tea contains caffeine, and caffeine has been linked to sleeplessness and to the unpleasant jumpy feeling some people get when stressed. More seriously, there is a link between miscarriages, and pregnant women are advised to reduce their intake of tea until after their baby is born. Due to its critical side-effects, some people who like tea choose to be safer and drink a beverage from which the caffeine has been removed, decaffeinated tea, but many claim that it simply doesn't taste right. The reasonable thing to do is probably moderation; continue to enjoy a cup of tea, but don't have too many!
1. As it is pointed out in the passage, tea used to be considered to be ----.
A) having no damaging effect on people's health
B) beneficial in moderation
c) more dangerous than alcohol
D) causing jumpy feeling if drunk excessively
E) the only drink which people enjoyed in the morning
2. According to the passage, tea can be dangerous because it ----.
A) causes people to suffer from stress more than ever
B) makes all drinkers nervous and unable to sleep
C) reduces miscarriages if it is drunk too much by a pregnant woman
D) may bring about many illnesses that cannot be cured easily
E) may cause losing your baby before he/she is born
3. The writer points out that the best solution is to drink ----.
A) decaffeinated tea
B) instant coffee
C) tea in moderation
D) other beverages like hot chocolate
E) no tea at all
blue moon
Have you ever heard someone use the phrase “once in a blue moon?” People use this expression to describe something that they do not do very often. For example, someone might say that he tries to avoid eating sweets because they are unhealthy, but will eat chocolate “once in a blue moon.” Or someone who does not usually like to go to the beach might say “I visit the shore once in a blue moon.” While many people use this phrase, not everyone knows the meaning behind it.
The first thing to know is that the moon itself is never actually blue. This is just an expression. The phrase “blue moon” actually has to do with the shape of the moon, not the color.
As the moon travels around the earth, it appears to change shape. We associate certain names with certain shapes of the moon. For example, when we can see a small part of the moon, it is called a crescent moon. A crescent is a shape that looks like the tip of a fingernail. When we cannot see the moon at all, it is called a new moon. When we can see the entire moon, it is called a full moon. Usually, there is only one full moon every month. Sometimes, however, there will be two full moons in one month. When this happens, the second full moon is called a “blue moon.”
Over the next 20 years, there will only be 15 blue moons. As you can see, a blue moon is a very rare event. This fact has led people to use the expression “once in a blue moon” to describe other very rare events in their lives.
Questions
1) Which of the following would be a good example of someone doing something “once in a blue moon”?
A. Mary likes to go to the mountains every weekend. Mary goes to the mountains once in a blue moon.
B. Tom rarely remembers to take out the trash. Tom takes out the trash once in a blue moon.
C. Cindy hates to wash the dishes. Nevertheless, she does it every day. Cindy washes the dishes once in a blue moon.
D. Ming sometimes forgets to do his homework. Ming forgets to do his homework once in a blue moon.
2) When does a blue moon happen in nature?
A. when there are two full moons in one month
B. when the moon has a blue color
C. when we cannot see the moon at all
D. when we can only see a small part of the moon
3) Using the passage as a guide, it can be understood that which of the following sentences does not contain an expression?
A. Thomas has lost his mind.
B. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
C. I'll mow the grass after I finish my homework.
D. It's never a bad time to start something new.
4) As described in paragraph 3, what is another example of something that has a crescent shape?
A. your thumb
B. a distant star
C. the letter “C”
D. the letter "H"
5) In the final paragraph, the author states: “Over the next 20 years, there will only be 15 blue moons.” This means that over the next 20 years, a blue moon will happen
A. once a year
B. less than once a year
C. more than once a year
D. not enough information is pr***ded
6) As used in the final paragraph, which is the best antonym for rare?
A. common
B. strange
C. colorful
D. infrequent
7) In the final paragraph the author writes, "As you can see, a blue moon is a very rare event." The purpose of this statement is to
A. answer an earlier question
B. pr***de an example
C. support an upcoming conclusion
D. challenge a previous statement
the desert
When you imagine the desert, you probably think of a very hot place covered with sand. Although this is a good description for many deserts, Earth’s largest desert is actually a very cold place covered with ice: Antarctica.
In order for an area to be considered a desert, it must receive very little rainfall. More specifically, it must receive an average of less than ten inches of precipitation—which can be rain, sleet, hail, or snow—on the ground every year. Antarctica, the coldest place on earth, has an average temperature that usually falls below the freezing point. And because cold air holds less moisture than warm air, the air in Antarctica does not hold much moisture at all. This is evident in the low precipitation statistics recorded for Antarctica. For example, the central part of Antarctica receives an average of less than 2 inches of snow every year. The coastline of Antarctica receives a little bit more—between seven and eight inches a year. Because Antarctica gets so little precipitation every year, it is considered a desert.
When precipitation falls in hot deserts, it quickly evaporates back into the atmosphere. The air over Antarctica is too cold to hold water vapor, so there is very little evaporation. Due to this low rate of evaporation, most of the snow that falls to the ground remains there permanently, eventually building up into thick ice sheets. Any snow that does not freeze into ice sheets becomes caught up in the strong winds that constantly blow over Antarctica. These snow-filled winds can make it look as if it is snowing. Even though snowfall is very rare there, blizzards are actually very common on Antarctica.
Questions
1) The main purpose of paragraph 1 is to
A. accept a conclusion
B. introduce an argument
C. pr***de a brief history
D. deny a common belief
2) The best title for this passage would be
A. Earth’s Many Deserts
B. Antarctica: The Coldest Place on Earth
C. A Desert of Ice
D. Unusual Blizzards
3) Africa’s Sahara Desert is the second-largest desert on earth. Based on the information in the passage, what characteristic must the Sahara share with Antarctica?
A. low temperatures
B. high temperatures
C. frequent blizzards
D. low precipitation
4) As used in paragraph 2, which is the best definition for precipitation?
A. moisture in the air that falls to the ground
B. any type of weather event
C. weather events that only happen in very cold areas
D. a blizzard that occurs in areas with limited snowfall
5) In paragraph 2 the author writes, "And because cold air holds less moisture than warm air, the air in Antarctica does not hold much moisture at all." Using this information, it can be understood that
A. air in Africa holds more moisture than the air in Antarctica
B. air surrounding a tropical island holds less moisture than the air in Antarctica
C. air in the second floor of a house is typically warmer than air on the first floor
D. air at the mountains is typically colder than the air at the beach
6) According to the final paragraph, any snow that falls over Antarctica
I. becomes part of the Antarctic ice sheet
II. is blown around by strong winds
III. evaporates back into the atmosphere
A. l only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. I, II, and III
7) Based on the information in the final paragraph, it can be understood that blizzards in Antarctica are mainly the result of
A. freezing cold temperatures
B. large amounts of snowfall
C. low amounts of precipitation
D. strong winds
Teeth
It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time. This is because food attracts germs, germs produce acid, and acid hurts your teeth and gums. Flossing helps to remove the food that gets stuck between your teeth. This explains why flossing helps to keep your mouth healthy, but some doctors say that flossing can be also good for your *****.
It may seem strange that something you do for your teeth can have any effect on your *****. Doctors have come up with a few ideas about how flossing works to keep your ***** healthy. One idea is that the germs that hurt your teeth can leave the mouth and travel into your blood. Germs that get into the blood can then attack your *****. Another idea is based on the fact that when there are too many germs in your mouth, the body tries to fight against these germs. For some reason, the way the body fights these mouth germs may end up weakening the ***** over time.
Not every doctor agrees about these ideas. Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good ***** health is only a coincidence. A coincidence is the occurrence of two or more events at one time apparently by mere chance. The incidence of these events is completely random, as they do not admit of any reliable cause and effect relationship between them. For example, every time I wash my car, it rains. This does not mean that when I wash my car, I somehow change the weather. This is only a coincidence. Likewise, some doctors think that people who have bad flossing habits just happen to also have ***** problems, and people who have good flossing habits just happen to have healthy *****s.
The theory that flossing your teeth helps to keep your ***** healthy might not be true. But every doctor agrees that flossing is a great way to keep your teeth healthy. So even if flossing does not help your *****, it is sure to help your teeth. This is enough of a reason for everyone to floss their teeth every day.
Questions
1) Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. Why Doctors Disagree about Flossing
B. How to Keep Your Teeth Healthy
C. Flossing Your Way to a Healthy *****
D. Flossing by Coincidence
2) Flossing effectively helps to keep your mouth healthy by preventing
A. germs from producing acid
B. food from entering your body
C. germs from entering into your blood
D. acid from contacting your teeth and gums
3) In paragraph 2, the author introduces ideas about how flossing works to keep your ***** healthy. Exactly how many of these ideas does the author put forth in this paragraph?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
4) Based on information in paragraph 2, it can be understood that germs in the mouth may harm your ***** by
I. getting into the blood that flows to the *****
II. forcing the body to fight against too many of them
III. causing food to get stuck in the arteries
A. l only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. I, II, and III
5) In paragraph 2, the author explains how having too many germs in your mouth can "end up weakening the *****." Using the passage as a guide, it can be understood that with respect to the actual way in which this occurs, doctors are
A. reluctant to hypothesize
B. confident in their estimations
C. extremely knowledgeable
D. uncertain but speculative
6) In paragraph 3 the author writes, "Not every doctor agrees about these ideas." The author's purpose in writing this sentence is to
A. pr***de an example
B. introduce a new topic
C. change a previous statement
D. clarify an earlier assertion
7) Using information in paragraph 3 as a guide, which of the following is the best example of a coincidence?
A. Jim wakes up with a sore throat. He eats a piece of bacon for breakfast. By noon, he feels much better. Jim decides that the bacon has cured his sore throat.
B. Laura remembers to brush her teeth every day, but she only remembers to floss once a week. She writes a note to herself, reminding herself to floss and sticks it to her bathroom mirror.
C. Mario is not very good at baseball. He practices playing every day. After a several months of practice, he is a much better baseball player.
D. Jai has a bad *****. Her doctor tells her to eat more vegetables and less junk food. After nearly a year of doing this, the doctor tells Jai that her ***** is doing much better.
8) Based on its use in the final paragraph, it can be inferred that theory belongs to which of the following word groups?
A. query, question, interrogation
B. assertion, declaration, affirmation
C. hypothesis, supposition, belief
D. idea, thought, notion
9) Which of the following best states the main idea of the final paragraph?
A. Because doctors do not agree that flossing will help your *****, it is useless to floss.
B. It is a fact that flossing can help your ***** as well as your teeth.
C. Even if flossing is only good for your teeth, you should still do it every day.
D. There is no good reason to believe that flossing will help your *****, but it is still a good idea to do it every day.
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21-12-2015, 03:02 AM
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